International Journal of Humanities and Social Science

NEP2020 AND ARCHITECTURE EDUCATION IN INDIA: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES.

2025-03-06T10:25:14+00:00

The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 introduces substantial changes to Indian higher education through its provisions for flexible educational models and interdisciplinary programs and technological implementations. Traditional design curricula in India have normally adopted a strict approach which separates subject areas while showing minimal concern for practical implementation. This evaluation assesses both the short-term and long-term effects that NEP 2020 creates for architectural instruction programs and their faculty and their relations with local industry and international teaching examples. The research investigates fundamental educational transformations which bring experiential learning along with digital involvement and competency-based testing as the new assessment models. Evaluation against international benchmarks demonstrates three key areas where India needs policy-driven implementation strategies because of inadequate faculty preparedness and industry involvement and insufficient infrastructure development. The review investigates institutional implementation hurdles and regulatory and funding barriers yet it recognizes possibilities to boost practical learning and research-based education and regional customization. The successful deployment of NEP 2020 depends on finalizing organized execution plans together with larger faculty training expenditure and enhanced industry-academia connectivity. Research in the future should focus on developing AI-based urban planning and sustainable architecture methods and digital teaching practices because Indian architectural education needs to adapt to worldwide progress. The study demands joint work between policymakers and educators and industry stakeholders to deliver architectural graduates with skills needed to handle modern professional challenges.

NORTH EASTERN REGION OF INDIA: GATEWAY TO ASEAN COUNTRIES

2025-04-28T07:38:08+00:00

Officially designated as the Northeast Region (NER), Northeast India is an area made up of eight states that area extremely strategic due to its location, ethnic, and Tran’s border realities. Most importantly, the NER international geographical proximity, shares 98% of its borders with international countries such as Myanmar, China, Bangladesh, Bhutan and Nepal, which makes it more important in terms of connectivity with ASEAN countries. The Indian government launched the Act East Policy, a proactive shift to Look East Policy of P.V. Narasimha Rao, in November 2014. The Act East Policy is anticipated to serve as the macro- development of India's North-eastern area in its operational aspect. Therefore, Act East Policy is being implemented by the government of India with a focus on trade and economic links with ASEAN nations, where visions for trade and the economy typically include mobility, the flow of goods, and regional implementation of NER and bridges are being built throughout the North East Region for this reason. Additionally, there are some sub- regional forum initiatives, such as the Mekong Ganga Cooperation (MGC), the Bangladesh China India and Myanmar Forum (BCIM), and the Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectorial Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC), which are all intended to serve as gateways to East and South East Asia. This research paper will attempt how the Act East Policy affects the North Eastern Region and how North Eastern region become gateway to ASEAN countries. It will also look at the difficulties and how the North East Region perceives the Act East Policy.

FROM CODE TO CONVERSATION: LEVERAGING TECHNOLOGY TO FACILITATE LANGUAGE LEARNING AND CULTURAL EXCHANGE

2025-04-12T10:42:19+00:00

Purpose: This paper discusses the differences between traditional and tech-enabled methods of teaching language, comparing the potential advantages of each technique in facilitating the process of language acquisition.

Methodology: The study uses a comprehensive literature review to evaluate the different parts of both learning methods, which include learner engagement, motivation, language skill development, and accessibility.

Findings: Results show that traditional methods mainly give structured learning and mostly concentrate on grammatical competence, while areas of expertise for technological methods are communication skills, flexibility, and an interactive environment. The study stresses that a mixed learning method is highly valued since it combines the positives of both traditional and technological methodologies. This way of teaching allows different types of learners to maximize language acquisition by using the two-way interactive and adaptable features of modern technology in education. Such findings are then emphasized for educational discipline makers, school educators, and policymakers who want to build language capacity in a highly digitalized world effectively.

IN WHAT WAYS HAVE GENDER REPRESENTATIONS IN INDIAN CLASSICAL AND FOLK DANCE FORMS EVOLVED, AND HOW DO CONTEMPORARY DANCERS NEGOTIATE GENDER IDENTITY THROUGH THEIR PERFORMANCES?

2025-04-15T10:38:30+00:00

This paper explores the evolution of gender representations in Indian classical and folk dance forms, focusing on how contemporary performers negotiate and express gender identities through their art. It analyzes dance as both a performative act and a medium of meaning, drawing from aesthetics, anthropology, and sociology. Classical dance forms, shaped by the Natyasastra and Vedic traditions, exhibit a complex relationship with gender—often reinforcing patriarchal norms in narrative but allowing for gender fluidity in performance. Folk dances, on the other hand, are more closely tied to the lived experiences and socio-cultural norms of specific communities. The study highlights variations in gender roles, expressions, and inclusivity across regions and traditions. Through case studies such as Bharatanatyam, Kathakali, Melam, and Bihu, the paper illustrates how dance continues to evolve with societal shifts, especially under the influence of digital media and changing gender discourses. The research concludes that both classical and folk dances are gradually moving toward more inclusive and flexible interpretations of gender, reflecting broader cultural transformations in India.

ONLINE EDUCATION IMPACT – ANALYZING LEARNING OUTCOME

2025-04-01T05:37:52+00:00

The Internet has helped online education grow quickly by providing students worldwide with more flexible and accessible learning options. Moreover, since technologies have been advancing and educational paradigms have been changing, the study of how online education affects learning outcomes is highly important to set future educational practices. This analysis integrates research about the elements that affect online education outcomes by examining technology-based elements and instructor and student variables. This research successfully demonstrates how technologies like ‘artificial intelligence’, ‘adaptive learning platforms’, and ‘learning analytics’ greatly increase student engagement and customization with tailored learning experiences. Blended and Technology-Mediated Instruction approaches that include remote and physically elements work well to strike a balance between flexibility and the intended benefits of in-person communication. The achievement of students depends heavily on instructors who demonstrate competence in technology use effective teaching methods and quick feedback delivery. Learning outcomes depend heavily on the student's characteristics of self-regulation together with motivation and digital literacy skills. The results demonstrate the necessity of professional development opportunities to assist teachers and students, as well as digital infrastructure rules that promote fair access to digital technology. The study presents the value of building inclusive, flexible learning environments that cater to different learners to improve learning results. This enables contributors to the ongoing development of online education strategies and presents lessons to policymakers, educators, and institutions.

A PSYCHOMETRIC REVALIDATION OF THE CREATIVITY FOSTERING TEACHER BEHAVIOUR SCALE IN INDIA

2025-05-01T09:48:40+00:00

This study aimed to revalidate the Creativity Fostering Teacher Behaviour Index (CFT Index) developed by Soh (2000) within the Indian educational context, specifically among elementary school teachers in Nagaland. The research followed a quantitative methodology, employing Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) to assess the construct validity and reliability of the scale. A total sample of 431 elementary teachers was selected using a multi-stage stratified random sampling technique. EFA supported a six- factor structure namely, Independent Thinking (IT), Supportive Environment (SE), Encouraging Student Autonomy (ESA), Student-Centered Learning (SCL), Inquiry-Based Learning (IBL), Participation and Extension (PAE) which is nearly consistent with the original scale. The study provides empirical support for its application in teacher evaluation, professional development, and educational policy implementation in line with NEP 2020 objectives. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) further affirmed the model's goodness-of-fit, with satisfactory indices indicating structural validity. Reliability analysis showed high internal consistency across all subscales. The findings confirm the suitability of the CFT Index for measuring creative teaching behaviours in the Indian context, offering valuable implications for teacher development, educational research, and policy implementation.

THE PSYCHOLOGICAL IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON ADOLESCENT MENTAL HEALTHS

2025-03-10T12:05:51+00:00

Teenagers use social media platforms as a part of their daily routine, being a source positive and negative impacts on their well-being. This study assessed the psychological effect of using digital devices in adolescents and with cross-sectional research design. Three hundred participants from different schools and colleges filled up structured questionnaires that assessed the symptoms of anxiety, signs of depression, and self-esteem. The results revealed that more time on social networking was quite strongly related to anxiety-depression and lowering self-esteem. Moreover, the differences in psychological changes were found across the different social media platforms, which indicates that certain characteristics of the platforms and the interactions with other users may influence the mental health risks. To ensure the participant’s rights and their privacy were respected, strict ethical measures were observed. These extend the need to address digital literacy and to design programs that can change the negative behaviours of the youths in the usage of the internet.

EXPLORING PLURALISTIC HEALTH CARE SYSTEMS AMONG THE SUMI NAGAS IN NAGALAND

2025-04-29T06:39:44+00:00

Traditional healing practices have long been an important part of Sumi Naga Culture. Historically, these practices evolved to address the challenges posed by their environment which seemed unknown and dangerous before they came in contact with the outsiders. In contemporary times, the Sumi Nagas have adopted both traditional healing methods and modern medicine leading to Pluralistic health-care systems. In the era of modern science and technology, the Sumi Nagas have also been influenced by modern medicine but their traditional healing practices are not lost. The present study is carried out to explore the interface of traditional healing practices and modern medicine among the Sumi Nagas in Nagaland. An interview schedule method of data collection was used to collect first-hand information from traditional healers and knowledgeable people of the Sumi community.

INDIA'S WEALTH STORY: PROGRESS AND INEQUALITY SINCE INDEPENDENCE

2025-02-05T11:29:59+00:00

The study investigates the trajectory of inequality and wealth distribution in India from post-independence to the present. Contrary to the anticipated decline in inequality post-independence, the economic gap persisted and escalated, particularly since the early 2000s. The concentration of wealth has surged significantly between 2014-15 and 2022-23, leading to greater economic disparity than during British colonial times. The paper analyzes the multifaceted factors contributing to the persistence and visibility of inequality in India, including governance, public policy, and privatization. The findings underscore the complex interplay between economic policies and social structures in shaping India's inequality landscape over the decades.

AN INVESTIGATION IN THE GOVERNANCE AT THE NORTHERN CAPE DEPARTMENT OF ROADS AND PUBLIC WORKS. 2019-2024

2025-04-25T07:56:10+00:00

This study investigates governance practices within the Northern Cape Department of Roads and Public Works from 2019 to 2024, focusing on their alignment with the Twelve Principles of Good Governance. Using secondary data from Auditor General reports, annual performance reviews, and related governance evaluations, the research identifies critical governance strengths and weaknesses. Transparency initiatives, although evident through the publication of performance reports, were undermined by delayed dissemination and limited follow-up on audit findings. Financial irregularities, totaling R120 million in irregular expenditures in 2020/2021, highlighted persistent lapses in accountability and compliance with regulatory frameworks. Operational inefficiencies, exacerbated by high staff turnover and inadequate project monitoring, significantly impaired service delivery, eroding public trust. The study emphasizes the role of Auditor General reports as pivotal tools in evaluating governance practices and driving accountability. However, limited capacity to implement corrective measures points to systemic deficiencies requiring strategic reforms. Recommendations include the adoption of automated financial management systems, capacity-building programs, enhanced oversight structures, and the integration of stakeholder engagement mechanisms to foster collaborative governance. The findings underscore the broader implications for public sector governance, offering insights into improving institutional accountability, efficiency, and responsiveness in similar contexts. By addressing systemic governance challenges, the Northern Cape Department of Roads and Public Works could enhance service delivery and rebuild public trust. This study contributes to the discourse on governance reform in South Africa’s public sector and highlights the importance of aligning governance practices with established principles for sustainable development.

LOST IN WORDS: HOW EVERYDAY LANGUAGE MARGINALIZES SLUM CHILDREN

2025-04-12T04:58:28+00:00

This article examines the marginalization experienced by children living in urban slums, focusing specifically on the role of their everyday spoken language in perpetuating social inequalities. The study explores how language practices within these environments contribute to the exclusion and stigmatization of slum children. Through a detailed analysis of linguistic interactions and social dynamics, the article highlights the ways in which linguistic features, such as vernacular varieties and non-standard grammar, are often devalued and associated with negative stereotypes. Moreover, the article elucidates how language becomes a marker of social status and reinforces existing power structures, further marginalizing slum children within broader society. The findings underscore the urgent need for inclusive language policies and educational initiatives that recognize and value the linguistic diversity of slum communities, while also addressing the systemic inequalities that underpin their marginalization. By amplifying the voices of slum children and advocating for linguistic justice, this article contributes to ongoing efforts aimed at promoting social equity and empowerment within marginalized urban contexts.

The article concludes by advocating for a shift in perspective toward the language practices of slum children, emphasizing the need for inclusive educational policies and practices that recognize and value linguistic diversity. It calls for the empowerment of these children through educational initiatives that build upon their existing language competencies, fostering a sense of pride in their cultural heritage while providing pathways for social mobility.

CULTURAL AND ECONOMIC HERITAGE OF LOIS: A SCHEDULED CASTE OF MANIPUR

2025-04-02T06:18:40+00:00

This study focus into the cultural legacy and economic roles of the Lois communities in Manipur, India. Despite enduring marginalisation as indigenous groups, the Lois have maintained their unique identity, influencing Manipur's cultural and economic realms through activities like agriculture, crafts, and festivals. The research employs spatial analysis and interdisciplinary approaches to scrutinise various Lois traditions, encompassing pottery, weaving, woodwork, and music. It also explores historical and social dynamics affecting Lois settlement patterns and identity. Focused on understanding challenges and opportunities, the study proposes culturally sensitive strategies for cultural revival, heritage tourism, skill development, and collective efforts to ensure the resilience of this distinctive heritage.

TRADITIONAL METHODS OF ORNAMENT MAKING IN KERALA

2025-04-29T07:04:02+00:00

There is a lack of structured documentation, preservation, and integration of Kerala's traditional ornament-making methods into modern design, policy, and sustainability frameworks. In this paper, we proposed the Traditional Methods of Ornament Making in Kerala (TMOMK) framework that provides a structured lens to explore, preserve, and reinterpret the rich artisanal heritage of Kerala’s ornamentation practices. Rooted in centuries-old craftsmanship, this framework encapsulates the indigenous techniques, tools, cultural symbolism, and community-based knowledge systems that define Kerala's traditional ornament-making processes. TMOMK emphasizes a multidisciplinary approach, integrating anthropology, material science, and design studies to document and analyze handcrafted jewelry—such as those made from gold, silver, and natural elements like palm leaves, shells, and beads. The framework also highlights the intergenerational transmission of skills, the role of artisans in regional identity, and the influence of religious and ritualistic practices. Through this model, TMOMK seeks to safeguard intangible cultural heritage while offering pathways for sustainable revival, educational dissemination, and contemporary adaptation of these timeless techniques. The framework supports researchers, policymakers, and designers in understanding and innovating within Kerala’s rich ornament-making traditions.